Evaluation of the stability and adaptability of yield in varieties and breeding lines of common winter wheat

Gergana Desheva, Manol Deshev

Abstract: The objectives of the present study were to: (i) determine the stability and adaptability of common winter wheat genotypes by grain yield (tha-1) (ii) examine the relationship between stability parameters and yield in the analyzed set of genotypes and (iii) identification of high-yielding, stable and adaptive wheat genotypes for breeding purposes. The study was conducted in the period 2015-2019 in the experimental field of IRGR “K. Malkov”, Sadovo. It included 23 varieties and 8 breeding lines of common winter wheat. The experiment was based on a block dessing scheme with a randomized distribution of variants in 4 replications and the size of the experimental plot of 10 m2. 16 parameters of grain yield stability were determined, divided into two groups – parametric and non-parametric parameters. The two-factor analysis of variance showed that the variation between the tested genotypes and the conditions under which they were grown had a dominant influence on the variation of the studied trait of 40.53%. Proven the highest yields compared to the average standard of experience were realized by the varieties - Mima, Niki Bo, Katya, Enola, Ilona and Fermer and by the selection lines - BGR36339, BGR824, BGR36334, BGR36321 and KC889. The most stable in the sample of studied genotypes was the Bononia variety, followed by Momchil, Patriot and the line BGR36321. The selection lines: BGR 824 and BGR 36321 were characterized as high-yielding and stable yield genotypes with wide adaptability to adverse climatic conditions and can be used as a starting material in the breeding programs of common winter wheat.

Keywords: adaptability; stability; wheat; yield

Date published: 2021-03-15