Variation of stem height at genotypes of common winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different environmental conditions

Plamen Chamurliyski, Georgi Raykov, Nikolay Tsenov

Abstract: The main task of the contemporary breeding programs is obtaining higher grain yield from common winter wheat; for this purpose, the new varieties should possess a number of properties meeting the requirements of the highly competitive market. Yield is a value, which is determined by several main parameters related to the morphological and biological peculiarities of the plant itself. Lodging in wheat has been shown to affect negatively productivity. On the one hand, it is closely related to stem height, and on the other – to the intensive agronomy practices applied. The aim of this study was to follow the reaction of contemporary common winter wheat genotypes with regard to height of stem under different growing environments. The investigation was carried out during 2017-2018, testing 16 breeding lines and 2 cultivars of common winter wheat during this period. The materials were planted in a randomized manner according to a block design, the area of the harvest plot being 7.5 m2, in three fertilization variants (50, 60 and 70 kg/da ammonium nitrate). Highest values of stem height were registered in the variant fertilized with 50 kg/da ammonium nitrate, the last internode bearing basic relation to this parameter. The lodging degree was highest at the third level of nutrition. The height of the stem and the length of the class are the main reason for the lodging, these indexes are in a high positive correlation.

Keywords: common winter wheat; lodging; nitrogen fertilization; stem height

Date published: 2019-05-27