Effectiveness of selection of wheat to modern requirements for sustainable development of agriculture. I. Energy productivity of crops

Zlatina Uhr, Elisaveta Vasileva

Abstract: The aim of the study was to conclude on adaptation of modern varieties to the requirements of sustainable agriculture and hence the effectiveness of their methods of selection with respect to these requirements. The comparison between genotypes is in two directions - by the selection methods by which they were established and according to the time of their creation. Chronologically varieties are divided into three groups: Group 1 (standard) - Sadovo 1 (1972) and Pobeda (1984); Group 2 - Zdravko (1995), Sadovo 772 (1996), Diamant (1997) and Boryana (1999); Group 3 (created in XXI century) - Geya 1, Tzarevez, Lyusil, Guinnees 1322 and Yoana. Energy assessment shows that the gross energy yield of wheat crops has increased by 6% over 30 years. However, the maximum absolute value of energy productivity of grain yield on the newer varieties are reported at higher fertilization rates compared with the standards, which most likely resulted from the increased sink capacity of the varieties.

Keywords: energy productivity; selection; Triticum aestivum; wheat

Date published: 2019-04-11