Influence of the vegetation-applied herbicide Envoke on some structural elements of productivity and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Teodora Barakova
Abstract: Weeding during the growing season of cotton suppresses and slows down the growth and development of plants, and can lead to a significant reduction in yield and deterioration of fiber quality. The aim of this research was to study the effect of vegetation applied herbicide Envoke on the yield of cotton and some structural elements of productivity such as percent of boll opening and boll weight, under different agro-meteorological conditions. The research was conducted during the period 2020-2022 in the experimental field of the Field Crops Institute in Chirpan. In a three-factor field experiment, the effect of vegetation applied herbicide Envoke, containing 75% trifloxysulforon-sodium, was tested on two cotton varieties. Factor A included the three years of study. Factor B included the cultivars Chirpan-539 and Helius. Factor C included the herbicide Envoke applied in 3 doses - 10 g.ha-1, 15 g.ha-1 and 20 g.ha-1, once and twice during the 4-5 leaf and budding stages of cotton. It was established that when treated with the herbicide Envoke, the highest yield was obtained with the single treatment in the budding phase at a dose of 20 g.ha-1 for the cultivar Chirpan-539 and at a dose of 15 g.ha-1 for the cultivar Helius. Technologically valuable were found all variants with the herbicide Envoke in the cultivar Chirpan-539 and the variants in doses of 15 g.ha-1 and 20 g.ha-1 in the cultivar Helius. These options combined high yield values and high stability of this indicator in different years. The untreated controls in both cultivars were the only ones that received negative scores. This was due to the high number of weeds and self-sown sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants. The vegetation herbicide Envoke, applied in three doses, once and twice during the 4-5 leaf and budding stages of cotton, had little influence on the percentage of boll opening and did not affect the boll weight at the treated variants of the two cotton cultivars - Chirpan-539 and Helius.
Keywords: boll opening; boll weight; cotton; seed cotton yield; vegetation herbicides
Citation: Barakova, T. (2024). Influence of the vegetation-applied herbicide Envoke on some structural elements of productivity and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Bulgarian Journal of Crop Science, 61(1), 42-58 (Bg).
| References: (click to open/close) | Ashok, Y. (2006). Integrated control of weeds in cotton. Environment and Ecology 24 S (Special 3A), 883-885.
Barakova, T., & Delchev, G. (2016). Selectivity and stability of vegetation-applied herbicides at cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Agricultural Science and Technology, 8(2), 121-126.
Barakova, T. (2017). Development of elements of inte¬grated weed control in cotton vegetation and testing of cotton genotypes (Gossypium hirsutum L.) f or re¬sistance to herbicides. PhD Theses, Chirpan, Bulgaria, 164.
Barakova, T., Delchev, Gr., Valkova, N., Sturzu, R., Meluca, C., & Nistor, T. (2018). Influence of foliar antibroadleaved herbicides on cotton seed germina¬tion (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Romanian Agricultural Research, 35, 193-201.
Barakova, T., Delchev, Gr., Valkova, N., Sturzu, R., Meluca, C., & Cojocaru, J. (2019). Effect of some herbicides and their mixtures with growth regulator and foliar fertilizer on protein content in cotton (Gos¬sypium hirsutum L.) seeds. Romanian Agricultural Research, 36, 3-10.
Barakova, T., Delchev, Gr., Valkova, N., Sturzu, R., Meluca, C., & Cojocaru, J. (2021). Effect of foliar an-tibroadleaf herbicides on fat content in seeds of various cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars. Romanian Agricultural Research, 38, 411-418.
Barov, V. (1982). Analysis and schemes of the field experi¬ence. NAPO, Sofia, 668 pp.
Berger, S. T., Ferell, J. A., Rowland, D. L., Webster, T. M. (2015). Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri L.) competition for water in cotton. Weed Scienceр, 63, 928-935.
Boz, Ö. (2000). Determination of weed flora, distribution and density of weed species occuring in cotton growing areas in Aydın. Türkiye Herboloji Dergisi, 3(1), 10-16.
Bükün, B. (2005). Weed flora changes in cotton growing areas during the last decade after irrigation of Harran plain in Sanliurfa, Turkey. Pakistan J. Bot, 37, 667-672.
Cardoso, G. D., Alves, P. L., Severino, L. S., & Vale, L. S. (2011). Critical periods of weed control in naturally green colored cotton BRS Verde. Industrial Crops and Products, 34(1), 1198-1202.
Chachalis, D., & Galanis, M. (2007). Weed control and cotton response to combinations of acetochlor with fluometuron. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Envi¬ronment, 5(3/4), 198.
Culpepper, A. S. (2006). Glyphosate-induced weed shifts. Weed Technology, 20, 277-281
Dimova, D., & Marinkov, E. (1999). Trial and Biometry. Academic Publishing House of the VSI, Plovdiv (Bg).
Dogan, M N., Jabran, K., Unay, A. (2015). Integrated weed management in cotton. In: Chauhan, B.S., Maha¬gan, G. (Eds.). Recent Advances in Weed Management. Springer, 197-222.
Gao, X. (2005). The effect of different mixed herbicides in controlling weeds. China Cotton, 32, 19-23.
Hakoomat, A. (2005). Growth and seed cotton yield as affected by cultural and chemical weed control mea¬sures in conventional planted cotton. Indus Cotton, (2), 178-182.
Jabran, K. (2016). Weed flora, yield losses and weed con¬trol in cotton crop. Jülius Kuhn – Archiv, 452, 177-182.
Jiang, H., Deng, X., Peng, J., Ma, T., He, Z., & Wang, J. (2012). A study of eight foliar herbicides to control So-lanum nigrum L. in cotton field. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 49(3), 477-481.
Kahramanoglu, I., & Uygur, F. (2010). Effects of re¬duces of trifluralin on the development of redpoot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.). Bitki Koruma Buletine, 50(4), 213-221.
Kang, M. (1993). Simultaneous selection for yield and sta¬bility: Consequences for growers. Agronomy Journal, 85(3), 754-757.
Lidanski, T. (1988). Statistical methods in biology and agriculture, Sofia, p. 376, (Bg).
Shanin, Yo. (1977). Methodology of the field experience. BAS, Sofia, 384 pp.
NCC, (2015). Cotton Growing Countries – ranking by Production. National cotton council of America. http:// www.cotton.org/econ/cropinfo/cropdata/rankings.cfm.
Oerke, E. C. (2006). Crop losses to pests. Journal Agri¬cultural Sciences 144, 31-43.
Shukla, G. (1972). Some statistical aspects of partitioning genotype - environmental components of variability. Heredity, 29(2), 237-245.
Werth, J. A., Preston, C., Robert, G. N., Taylor, I. N. (2006). Weed management practices in glyphosate-tolerant and conventional cotton fields in Australia. Australia Journal Experimental Agriculture, 46, 1177-1183.
Wricke, G. (1962). About a method for recording the eco¬logical strike with of filed searches. Pflanzenzurecht (47), pp. 92-96 (De).
Vargas, R., & Wright, S. (1994). Nightshade control with phrithiobace (Staple) in California. In Beltwide Cotton Conferences (USA).
|
|
| Date published: 2024-02-27
Download full text 
