Production and biological characteristics of apricot varieties (Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.) in the conditions of Uzbekistan

Abdullo Rakhimov, Urmon Mirzokhidov, Davlat Normuradov, Bakhrom Khalmirzaev

Abstract: The article provides data on the results of studies on the selection of highly productive varieties resistant to spring frosts and clothosporium disease, as well as to the conditions of a hot dry climate, created at the Samarkand scientific station of the Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture, and Winemaking named after Academician M.M. Mirzaev (Uzbekistan). As a result of many years of research, it was revealed that the latest terms of mass flowering were observed in the variety Mulla Sodik (April 09) and hybrid № 4332 (April 12), which is 9-12 days later than the control variety Yubileiny Navoi. Fruit ripening in varieties and hybrids was noted from June 25 to July 10. The varieties Marokand, Mulla Sodik, and hybrid № 4332 were distinguished by their resistance to clothosporium. The largest fruits were cultivar Mulla Sodik (55.8 g) and hybrid No. 4332 (51.3 g). During the research years (2015-2020), the highest yield was obtained for the late-flowering variety Mulla Sodik (14.9 t/ha) and hybrid No. 4332 (15.7 t/ha), which is 24.2-30.8 % higher than the indicators of the control variety Yubileiny Navoi. According to the indicators of the tasting assessment, the fruits of the varieties Mulla Sodik, Marokand (4.6 points), and hybrid № 4332 (4.7 points) stood out. On the basis of the research carried out, the apricot variety Mulla Sodik and hybrid № 4332 were submitted to the State Variety Testing Station of the Republic of Uzbekistan and are recommended for specialized fruit-growing farms. The results of scientific research will contribute to the successful cultivation of apricots, obtaining a constant and high yield, increasing the export of valuable fruits to the countries of the world.

Keywords: apricot; average fruit weight; clothosporium; cultivar; flower; fruit ripening; humus; hybrid; leaf fall; soil; spring frosts; tasting assessment; tree; vegetation period; yield

Date published: 2021-12-08