Studies on some biochemical characters of hybrid forms, originated from wild Helianthus species

Daniela Valkova, Nina Nenova

Abstract: The study presents the evaluation of hybrid forms, obtained as a result of interspecific hybridization between three sunflower inbred lines and wild perennial species H. maximiliani (accession M-175) and H. tuberosus (accession M-146) from the collection of wild Helianthus species at Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute, on various indices related to the content of oil, protein and fatty acids in the seed. Interspecific F1 plants were obtained by embryo rescue techniques and classical breeding methods. BC2 and F3 were obtained as a result of selfpollination and backcrossing with cultivated sunflower. The linoleic acid concentration for the obtained two hybrid forms, originated from H. maximiliani averaged 60.5 % and those originated from H. tuberosus – 70.8%. This is approximately equal to 69% for cultivated sunflower with linoleic type of oil. The combined saturated palmitic and stearic fatty acids concentration varied from 8.6 % to 11.2% which is less or about equal to traditional cultivated sunflower oil that averaged 11.5%. The obtained hybrid material could be a potential source of genes for increasing linoleic acid concentration in traditional sunflower oil. Hybrid forms could be used as sources for reducing the concentration of saturated acids in traditional cultivated sunflower oil. They will be included in sunflower breeding programs for the diversification of initial genetic material.

Keywords: fatty acids concentration; Helianthus maximiliani; Helianthus tuberosus; interspecific hybridization; seed oil content

Date published: 2021-04-23