Improved technology approaches to receive sustainable yield of onion

Vesela Petrova-Branicheva

Abstract: Fields studies were conducted in 2014-2015 on the territory of the experimental field Chelopechene to IPAZR “N. Poushkarov” on leached cinnamon forest soil. Variants with different irrigation techniques were examined, in an optimal and reduced irrigation regime of onion: V1 - mikrosprinkler irrigation equipment, 100% irrigation rate; V2 - subsurface drip irrigation, 100% irrigation rate; V3 - subsurface drip irrigation, 50% irrigation rate; V4 - surface drip irrigation, 100% irrigation rate; V5 - surface drip irrigation, 50% irrigation rate; V6 - non-irrigated option. The trial method is a non-standard two-factor block with four repetitions. For maintenance of soil moisture between 80-100% of PPW 6-8 irrigations of medium irrigation rate are needed: V1 - 20 mm; V2 - 13 mm; V3 - 6,5 mm; V4 – 15 mm; V5 - 7,5 mm; V6 - 0 mm. The irrigations were implemented at different intervals depending on the development of the crop and on the weather conditions. The different regimes of irrigation influence the production of the crop, respectively: V1 – 3100 kg/da; V2 – 3000 kg/da; V3 – 2680 kg/da; V4 – 2820 kg/da; V5 – 2318 kg/da; V6 – 2170 kg/da. The reduction of the irrigation rates by 50% at surface and subsurface irrigated results in a reduction of yield by 23% and 7%, and it can be used in case of water deficit.

Keywords: drip irrigation; irrigation regime; mikrosprinkler irrigation; onion; technologies for irrigation; yield

Date published: 2017-07-25