Use of heterosis in maize and sunflower breeding
VelichkoTraykov, Miroslava Hr.- Cherbadzhi
Abstract: A heterosis effect of first generation hybrids has been observed in almost all types of cross-pollinated and self-pollinated plants.The use of the heterosis effect of hybrid (heterosis, F1) varieties is crucial for the intensive development of plant breeding in some field crops, such as maize and sunflower.In the selection of these crops, heterosis is used, expressed in a positive superiority of the F1hybrid over its parents in terms of growth and adaptive potential of the plants of the generation, i.e.both increased power and vitality as well as increased productivity.The use of parental inbred lines with good combinatorial ability has been found to significantly improve the heterosis variety.The aim of the study is to summarize research related to the heterosis in F1 and the mode of inheritance such as the dominance of quantitative traits important for selection, determining photosynthetic productivity and yield in maize and sunflower.As a result of breeding research in Bulgaria, a number of high-yielding hybrid varieties were obtained both in maize and in sunflower.
Keywords: dominance; heterosis; hybrid variety; inbred line; yield
Citation: Traykov, V., & Hristova-Cherbadzhi, M. (2025). Use of heterosis in maize and sunflower breeding. Bulgarian Journal of Crop Science, 62(3) 42-52
| References: (click to open/close) | Boeva, I., Hristova-Cherbadzhi, M., Dobrichova, A. (2017). Potential and perspectives in the management of a sunflower-growing farm. In: "New Realities in Management" Collection of papers from the jubilee international scientific conference on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Department of Management and Administration, October 20-21, 2017, "Science and Economics" Publishing House, University of Economics - Varna, 167-177, ISBN 978-954-21-0947-1.
Christov, M.(1992). New sources of male sterility and opportunities for their utilization in sunflower hybrid breeding. Helia, 15(16),41-47.
Christov, M. (1996a). Characterization of Helianthus species as sources of new features for sunflower breeding. Proceeding of the International Compositae Conference, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,UK, 24VII-5 VIII,1994,2, 547-570.
Christov, M. (1996b). Hybridization of cultivated sunflower and wild Helianthus species. Proceeding of the International Compositae Conference, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,UK, 24VII-5 VIII,1994, 2, 603-615.
Christov,M.(1998). Using wide hybridization for production of new sunflower forms. XVth International Congress on Sexual Plant Reproduction, Wageningen, 16-21. 08. 1988.
Christov, M.(1999). Production of new CMS sources in sunflower. Helia, 22(31), 1-12.
Christov, M. (2000). Production of intergeneric hybrids in Compositae. Vortr. Pflanzenzüchtg, 47, 43.
Christov, M., & Petrov, P. (1988).New sources ofRfgenes for CMS based on Helianthus petiolaris. Genetics and selection, 21(5) (Bg).
East, E. M.(1936).Heterosis. Genetics 21: 375-397.
Enchev, Y. (1990).General selection and seed production.Zemizdat, Sofia.(Bg).
Encheva, J., Georgiev,G., &Penchev, E. (2015).Heterosis effects for agronomically important traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 21(2), 336-341.
Falconer, D. S. (1981). Introductio to quatitative genetics. Longman, New York.
Fehr, W. R. (2011). Principles of cultivar development.Theory and Technique. Iowa State University, Iowa, USA.
Fick, G. N., &Miller, J. F. (1997). Sunflower breeding. In: Schneiter, A. A. (ed): Sunflower Technology and Production. Agronomy, Vol. 35, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 395-439.
Georgiev, G., Nenova, N., Georgiev, G., Chamurliyski, P., Peevska, P. &Encheva, J. (2016). Investigation on sunflower lines and hybrids (Helianthus annuusL.) for expression of heterosis and dominance rate of important economic traits in f1 under the conditions of nort-east Bulgaria. Proceeding of the 19th International Sunflower Conference, Edirne, Turkey, 484-489.(Bg).
Hallauer, A. R., Carena, M. J. & Miranda Filho, J. D. (2010).Quantitative genetics in maize breeding(Vol. 6). Springer Science & Business Media.
Hristova-Cherbadzhi, M. (2007). Study of new sunflower forms by remote hybridization received. Ph.D. thesis, Sofia, Bulgaria (Bg).
Hristova-Cherbadzhi, M. (2009). Characterization of hybrids, forms and lines, obtained from interspecific hybridization of cultivated sunflower Helianthus annuus L. with wild species of genus Helianthus.Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment, 23(2): 112-116.
Hristova-Cherbadzhi, M. (2012). Study of new forms of sunflower received by distant hybridization. Breeding and genetics of cultivated sunflower - methods, new lines, new crosses, new cms source. Lambert Academic Publishing, ISBN 978-3-659-13617-7
Hristova-Cherbadzhi, M. (2023). The top Bulgarian contributions to sunflower breeding. Helia, 46(79): 143-167. ISSN: 1018-1806; e-ISSN: 2197-0483
Hristova-Cherbadzi, M. & Christov, M. (2009). Characterization of new sunflower R lines, obtained from the hybridization of cultivated sunflower Helianthus annuus L. with the annual species Helianthus bolanderi Gray. In: Modern scientific problems of creation of varietal and hybrid olive crops and technologies of their cultivation, Proceedings of the International Conference, August 4-6, 2009, Zaporozhye, Ukraine, 82-84.
Hristova-Cherbadzhi, M., & Molle, E. (2016). Evaluation of variation on sunflower single crosses. Proceedingof the 19th International Sunflower Conference, Edirne, Turkey, 583-592.
Ilchovska, M.(2012). Study on the inheritance of quantitative traits in late maize hybrids. Science & Technologies, Plant studies, II(6), 114-118.(Bg).
Ilchovska, M. (2017). Heterosis and degrees of dominance of grain yield and grain yield elements in maize hybrids in different groups of ripeness.Аgricultural science and technology, 9(1), 10-15.
Ilchovska, M.(2019). Manifestations of heterosis and degrees of dominance in F1 of some traits in the hybrids Kn 307 and Kn 435. Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkans, 22(4), 136-144.(Bg).
Ilchovska, M., Petrovska, N., &Valkova, V. (2018). Heterosis and degrees of dominanceof grain yield andlength of the cobofmaize hybrids in different groups ofripeness. In: Ecology and health. Proceedingsof Nationalscientific conferencewithinternationalparticipation, 07 June 2018, Plovdiv, 129-133 (Bg).
Kinman, M. (1970). New development in the USDA and State experiment station sunflower breeding programs. Proceeding of the 4th Int. Sunfl. Conf., Memphis, Tennesse, USA, 181-184.
Leclercq, P. (1969). Une sterilite male cytoplasmique chez le tournesol. Ann. Amelior. Plantes, 19(2) 99-106.
Mather, K. & Jinks, J.L.(1982).Biometrical genetics. London.
Omarov, D. S. (1975).To the methodology of accounting and estimating heterosis in plants.Agricultural Biology, 10(1), 123-127.
Petrovska, N. &Genova, I. (2008). Heterosis and degrees of dominance for grain yield and yield elements in medium early maize hybrids. In: Unionofscientis. StaraZagora, InternacionalScienttificConferenceJune 5-6, 2008 (Bg).
Petrovska, N. (2014). Heterosis and degrees of dominance for grain yield and yield elements in medium-late maize hybrids.In: Theory and practice in soil science, Proceedings of the Second scientific conference with international participation, Sofia, 153-158 (Bg).
Popov, A., Lazarov, M., Spirova, M. &Stoyanova, Y. (1965).To the question of obtaining hybrid seeds in sunflower on the use of male sterility in hybrid seed production.Sofia, 115-125.
Popov, P. & Dimitrov, D. (1979). Seed production of field crops. Publishing house "Zemizdat", Sofia, 152 (Bg).
Putt, E. D. (1997). Early History of Sunflower. In: Sunflower Technology and Production (Editor, A. A. Schneiter), 1-19.
Serieys, H., &Christov, M.(2005). Progress Report 1999-2004. FAO Working Group: “Identification, Study and Utilization in Breeding Programs of New CMS Sources.” European Cooperative Research Network on Sunflower.X Consultation Meeting, Novi Sad, Serbia and Montenegro, 17-20 July 2005.
Shaver, D. L. (1983). Genetic and breeding of maize with extra leaves above the ear. In: Proc. Ann. Corn and Sorghum Res. Conf. (ASTA), 38, 161-180.
Shull, G. H. (1952). Beginnings of the heterosis concept. In: Goven. J. Ed. Heterosis. Iowa State College Press, Ames, pp.14-48.
Stoyanova, Y. (1978). Frequence of occurrence and rate of heterosis with respect to productivity of sunflower. Proceeding of the 8th Int. Sunfl. Conf. 23-27 July, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, 449-452.
Valkova, V. (2012). Heterosis manifestations for grain yield and yield elements in corn hybrids of different maturity groups. In: 130 years of Agricultural Science in Sadovo (Bg).
Valkova, V.& Petrovska N. (2016). Inheritance of quantitative signs and some biometric indexesand mutability of the genetic indexes of Knezha 442maize hybrid. II. Overall height of the plants, height of the ear location number of leaves and ear leaf area. Agricultural University - Plovdiv, Scientific Works, LX(2), 97-106.(Bg).
Vulchinkov, V. (1975). Study on heterosis in maize. Thesis. Ph.D. Dissertation, Knezha (Bg).
Vulchinkov, S. &Vulchinkova, P. (2013).Heterosis Events for Ear High and Number of Above Ground Nodes of Maize Hybrids.Plant sciece, 50, 32-35(Bg).
Vulchinkov, S., Vulchinkova, P.& Hristov N. (2014). Heterosis, combinatorial ability and DNA marker analysis of maize lines with “leafy-like” phenotype.In: Theory and practice in soil science, Proceedings of the Second scientific conference with international participation, Sofia, 376-383.(Bg).
Vulchinkova, P. (2008). Manifestations of heterosis and degree of dominance in F1 of yield elements of corn hybrids depending on the density of the study.In: Unionofscientis. StaraZagora, InternacionalScienttificConference, June 5-6, 2008 (Bg).
Vulchinkova, P., Vulchinkov, S., Glogova, L., Lakova-Gornishka, M. &Ilchovska, M. (2018a). Heterosis events study of traitscharactering early maize hybrids Kn307 and Kn 310. In: Ecology and health. Proceedingsof Nationalscientific conferencewithinternationalparticipation, 07 June 2018, Plovdiv, 70-74 (Bg).
Vulchinkova, P., Vulchinkov, S., Glogova, L., Lakova-Gornishka, M. &Pavlovski, К. (2018b). Heterosis, degrees of dominanceand depresion in F1 and F2 of middle-early maize hybrids Kn 435 and Kn 442 quantity traits. In: Ecology and health. Proceedingsof Nationalscientific conferencewithinternationalparticipation, 07 June 2018, Plovdiv, 75-81 (Bg).
Vulchinkova, P.&Vulchinkov, Z. (2021). Study on heterozis events of quantity traits atmaize hybrids from different vegetation groups. Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkans, 24(2),152-162.(Bg).
Yordanov, G. (2013). Heterosis and genetic inheritance effects of quantitative signs inmediumearly hybrid maize Kneja 435. II. Length of the cob, number of rows in the cob, weight of the cob. Science & Technologies, Plant studies, III(6), 203-207.
Yordanov, G. (2019). Manifestations of heterosis and inheritance of leaf areaphotosynthetic indices in high-productive average latehybrid maize Kneja 561. Field Crop Studies, XII(4), 99-108.(Bg).
Yordanov, G. (2023). Study of the manifestations of heterosis for some elements of productivity in two new, highly productive Bulgarian corn hybrids - Knezha 561 and Knezha 564. Length and weight of the cob. Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkans, 26(4), 162 (Bg).
|
|
| Date published: 2025-06-26
Download full text 
