Impact of soil conservation technologies for growing wheat on sloping terrains on biometric indicator

Iliana Ivanova

Abstract: A field experiment with wheat was carried out in the experimental field of OSBE - the city of Ruse, Institute of soil science, agrotehnologies and plant protection “Nikola Poushkarov” Sofia, Agricultural Academy-Sofia. The experiment is in four variants in four repetitions, one-factor, as a factor the soil protection technological operations used in the technologies for minimal and non-traditional tillage. The variants were studied: eo - wheat crop, grown according to traditional technology, applied along the slope of the slope - control; e1 - wheat, according to traditional technology, applied across the slope of the slope: e2 - sowing according to soil protection technology with surface mulching with manure, across the slope of the slope: e3 - crop grown according to advanced soil protection technology for minimal and non-traditional processing, including the technological operations of vertical mulching with manure, direct sowing, across the slope of the slope. The biometric indicators were examined: planting density in number of plants per hectare, plant height (cm), leaf area (m2/ha) and the obtained yield (kg/ha) was calculated. It was established that the biological and phenological development of the plants determines the corresponding grain yield in the different variants, with the highest being in variant e3. Averaged over the study period, it was 16.2% (by 798 kg/ha) higher than that of the conventionally tilled control e0, and 6.9% (by 341 kg/ha) higher than that of the crop cultivated traditionally, across the slope with surface mulching with manure (e2). This trend is also preserved in the results for the average annual yield of wheat straw. The increase in variant e3 compared to control e0 is by 15.4% (by 588.3 kg/ha), and compared to e2 and e1 by 7.2% (by 295.4 kg/ha), and by 11. 1% (438.4kg/ha). The differences between the individual variants are positive and well statistically proven. The conducted research confirms that the application of these technologies on sloping lands, in the conditions of carbonate chernozem, has a positive impact on the growth and development of the cultivated agricultural crop.

Keywords: biometric indicators; phenophases; soil erosion; soil protection technological operations; wheat; yields

Date published: 2023-02-21