Отглеждане на соя при висока почвена влажност
Александър Матев, Станислав Стаматов, Катя Узунджалиева, Веселина Машева, Росица Меранзова, Благой Андонов
Резюме: Целта на разработката е да се проучи биологичния и стопански ефект от отглеждането на соя при висока почвена влажност. Опитът е двугодишен и е изведен в УОП на АУ – Пловдив през 2009 и 2010 години. Вариантите са: 1) Без напояване, 2) Напояване 80% ППВ, 3) Напояване при 90% ППВ. При по-високата предполивна влажност броят на поливките нараства средно с 3, а поливните норми намаляват с между 22 и 53%. Продължителността на поливния период нараства с една десетдневка. Според резултатите, поддържането на висока почвена влажност за соята е неоправдано от биологична гледна точка, тъй като увеличаването на продуктивния потенциал на растенията не се реализира в действителност. Може да се счита, че независимо от начина за напояване, предполивната влажност трябва да бъде не по-висока от 80% ППВ за почвен слой 0-60 cm. При поддържане на висока почвена влажност (над 90% ППВ) производствените разходи нарастват средно с 11%, без това да увеличава себестойността на продукцията и почти не влияе върху чистия доход, като резултатите при този показател не са еднопосочни.
Ключови думи: икономическа ефективност; напояване; продуктивност; почвена влажност; соя
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| Дата на публикуване: 2024-10-28
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