Селекционна оценка на някои показатели за качеството на фуража при многогодишнишни житни треви пасищен райграс (Lolium perenne L.)
Желязко Вълчинков, Анелия Кътова
Резюме: Определено е съдържанието на суров протеин, сурови влакнини и водоразтворими въглехидрати на 21 образеца пасищен райграс (Lolium perenne L.) от колекционен питомник на Институт по фуражните култури – Плевен, за двугодишен период (2017-2018 г.), при първите три откоса. Извършена е статистическа обработка на данните, която включва регресионен, корелационен, двуфакторен дисперсионен и клъстер анализи. Резултатите показват тенденцията първи откос да е с най- ниско съдържание на суров протеин (CP) и с относително високо на сурови влакнини (CF) и най-високо на водоразтворими въглехидрати (WSC) и през двете изследвани години. При второ и трето прибиране суровият протеин се увеличава; съдържанието на сурови влакнини варира в различни граници, но като цяло намалява; количеството на водоразтворимите захари също намалява. Взаимодействието генотип – среда (образци х откоси) има недостоверен варианс и при трите изследвани показателя. Максимална стойност на суров протеин е отчетена при образец Iljo (CP=18,8 %) и минимална при China (CP=14,6 %). Не се наблюдават достоверни разлики между контролния сорт Тетрани (CP=16,1 %) и останалите варианти. При водоразтворимите захари и суровите влакнини се отчитат само два случая на достоверни разлики между образците. Клъстерният анализ разпределя растенията в три групи, като вторият клъстер от 8 образци е най-интересен за селекцията. Анализът добре разделя образците, както по отношение на тяхното ниво на плоидност, така и по оптималното съчетаване на трите показателя в един генотип. Наблюдава се достоверна отрицателна взаимовръзка между съдържанието на суров протеин и сурови влакнини (r=-0,744).
Ключови думи: химичен състав; пасищен райграс; статистически анализи
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| Дата на публикуване: 2024-04-25
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